8/18/2023 0 Comments Mcwhorter arduino while loopThese issues can be addressed by creating our own functions. There is not a space between each character and a lot of repetition in the code… It is also very difficult to alter the message and we would need to look up the Morse code value for every letter and then hard code it. To make our life easier we can instead assign these numbers to variables at the top of the Arduino sketch and then refer to these variables within the variable sketch: int redPin = 13 It becomes tedious to change these when experimenting with our sketch and easy to forget one of the times to make the changes. The duration for the dot is used 12 times, the duration for the dash is used 6 times and the pin of the LED is used 19 times. Secondly everything is hard coded as a number. First the dot is too short for our eyes to easily register the message. The sketch below uses a duration of 50 ms for a dot, a duration of 500 ms for a dash and a period of 10000 ms to end the message: void setup() However an Arduino sketch is used to create a Morse Code S.O.S where an S is presenting by 3 dots. This tutorial uses the same circuit as above. TinkerCad: Red LED Sketch Tutorial 04: Variables and Functions in Arduino Sketches A higher value resistor will constrict the pipe more, limiting the rate of particles (current) to 1. A low value resistor (middle) will constrict the pipe slightly limiting the rate of particles (current) to 2. A resistor can be thought of as a constricted wire. In this diagram, the current can be visualised as the rate of particles falling i.e. We can conceptualise a wire as a pipe between +5 V and the ground (left). In order to fall, a pathway between +5 V and ground must be made available. To understand this concept, conceptualise electricity as a series of positive particles which fall from the +5 V power supply to ground. To prevent this we must limit the current using a resistor. This will complete the circuit however too high a current will run through the LED and the LED will burn out: Resistor Next we can connect an LED to the breadboard and then make a connection from the 5V pin of the Arduino to the Anode:Īnd then the Cathode to one of the GND pins of the Arduino: Notice the LED only illuminates when the polarity is correct: Lets illustrate this with a coin cell battery. The Anode should be connected to the positive side of the power supply and the shorter leg is the Cathode and should be connected to the negative side of the power supply. This can be seen by attaching a multimeter to the Arduino: When the voltage is HIGH, the pin will output 5 V (or just slightly less). Then we set the voltage to HIGH using the digitalWrite inbuilt function. An LED is an output device that converts electricity into light. In this case we use the inbuilt function pinMode to configure pin 13 as an OUTPUT. put your main code here, to run repeatedly: put your setup code here, to run once: The Arduino sketch has a setup function which we run once for example to configure pins and a loop function which runs repeatedly: void setup() We can test communication with the Arduino with an Arduino sketch. The Arduino has a test LED which is internally attached to Pin 13 and ground. Tutorial 01: The Arduino Blink Test Sketch
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